执行系统更新
首先将Ubuntu 18.04系统软件包更新和升级到最新版本。
sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade
您还可以执行完整的系统升级。
sudo apt full-upgrade
由 man 8 apt
, full-upgrade
执行升级功能,但是如果需要升级整个系统,请删除当前安装的软件包。
删除不再需要的软件包。
sudo apt autoremove
升级完成后,重新启动系统。
sudo systemctl reboot
将Ubuntu 18.04升级到Ubuntu 20.04
Ubuntu随附以下命令实用程序: do-release-upgrade
用于将Ubuntu操作系统升级到最新版本。默认情况下已安装此实用程序。如果由于某种原因未安装,则只需安装 update-manager-core
做事提供。
sudo apt install update-manager-core
然后,您可以简单地将系统升级到新发行版本。
do-release-upgrade
该实用程序支持许多命令行选项。检查 do-release-upgrade -h
。例如,如果您使用的是Ubuntu 18.04桌面版本,则可以运行以下命令以执行桌面升级到新版本:
sudo do-release-upgrade -m desktop
执行常规服务器版本升级
sudo do-release-upgrade -m server
的 do-release-upgrade
命令通常仅在主要LTS发行版的第一点发行之后发布。 在这种情况下,此命令仅在Ubuntu 20.04.1可用后才有效。
好吧,一旦获得输出, There is no development version of an LTS available
,是 Ubuntu 20.04.1 尚不可用。
因此,由于我们正在处理测试版本,因此我们只需要将Ubuntu 18.04系统升级到Ubuntu 20.04的开发发行版。通行证 -d
或 --devel-release
选件 do-release-upgrade
命令
sudo do-release-upgrade -m desktop -d
输入上面的命令并按Enter键后,将开始对Ubuntu 20.04开发版本进行系统升级。
Checking for a new Ubuntu release Get:1 Upgrade tool signature [1,554 B] Get:2 Upgrade tool [1,335 kB] Fetched 1,337 kB in 0s (0 B/s) authenticate 'focal.tar.gz' against 'focal.tar.gz.gpg' extracting 'focal.tar.gz' Reading cache Checking package manager Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Hit http://ke.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease Hit http://ke.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease Hit http://ke.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease Get:1 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease [88.7 kB] Fetched 88.7 kB in 0s (0 B/s) Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Checking for installed snaps ...
回答升级过程中出现的问题。
... Do you want to start the upgrade? 36 installed packages are no longer supported by Canonical. You can still get support from the community. 13 packages are going to be removed. 246 new packages are going to be installed. 1256 packages are going to be upgraded. You have to download a total of 810 M. This download will take about 11 minutes with your connection. Installing the upgrade can take several hours. Once the download has finished, the process cannot be canceled. Continue [yN] Details [d] y
接受升级,然后按Enter键继续。
在升级过程中,您将看到更改,例如桌面版本背景。
当提示您删除旧软件包时,接受并按Enter继续。
... Searching for obsolete software Reading state information... Done Remove obsolete packages? 86 packages are going to be removed. Continue [yN] Details [d]y
系统升级完成后,请重新启动系统。
... System upgrade is complete. Restart required To finish the upgrade, a restart is required. If you select 'y' the system will be restarted. Continue [yN] y
您已成功将Ubuntu 18.04系统升级到Ubuntu 20.04。
到此结束了有关如何将Ubuntu 18.04升级到Ubuntu 20.04的教程。
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